See the DrugPatentWatch profile for acyclovir

Acyclovir is a commonly prescribed antiviral medication used to treat and prevent various infections caused by herpes simplex viruses (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) [1]. Although acyclovir is considered safe and effective, long-term use or high doses may lead to potential organ damage [2].

The primary organs at risk for acyclovir-induced damage are the kidneys and, to a lesser extent, the liver [3][4].

1. Kidneys: Acyclovir is primarily excreted by the kidneys, making them particularly susceptible to injury. Renal damage may occur due to the formation of crystals in the renal tubules, leading to nephropathy, hematuria, and proteinuria [3][4].
2. Liver: Hepatotoxicity is less common but can still occur, resulting in elevated liver enzymes and potential liver damage [3].

Risk factors for acyclovir-induced organ damage include dehydration, preexisting kidney or liver disease, advanced age, and high acyclovir doses [3][4]. To minimize the risk of organ damage, healthcare professionals should closely monitor patients receiving acyclovir, especially those with the aforementioned risk factors [3].

Sources:

1. Mayo Clinic. (2021). Acyclovir (Oral Route) - Mayo Clinic. Mayo Clinic. Retrieved from https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/acyclovir-oral-route/description/drg-20062556
2. Drugs.com. (2021). Acyclovir: Side Effects, Interactions, Warning, Dosage & Uses. Drugs.com. Retrieved from https://www.drugs.com/acyclovir.html
3. UpToDate. (2021). Patient education: Antiviral medications for herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infections (Beyond the Basics). UpToDate. Retrieved from https://www.uptodate.com/contents/antiviral-medications-for-herpes-simplex-virus-hsv-and-varicella-zoster-virus-vzv-infections-beyond-the-basics
4. DrugPatentWatch.com. (2021). Acyclovir - DrugPatentWatch. DrugPatentWatch.com. Retrieved from https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/drugs/acyclovir