See the DrugPatentWatch profile for olaparib
Olaparib has shown significant improvement in treating certain types of cancer, primarily those associated with defects in homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes [1]. HRR genes play a crucial role in repairing damaged DNA, and defects in these genes can lead to genomic instability and cancer development.
Olaparib is a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, which works by preventing PARP enzymes from repairing damaged DNA [1]. This leads to the accumulation of DNA damage and, ultimately, cell death in cancer cells with HRR defects.
Clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of olaparib in treating ovarian, breast, and prostate cancers with HRR defects [1][2]. In particular, olaparib has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer associated with BRCA mutations [1].
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that olaparib significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with advanced ovarian cancer and BRCA mutations compared to those receiving placebo [2]. Similarly, a phase III trial found that olaparib significantly improved progression-free survival in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and HRR gene mutations [3].
In summary, olaparib has shown the most improvement in treating ovarian, breast, and prostate cancers associated with HRR defects, particularly those with BRCA mutations.
Sources:
[1] DrugPatentWatch.com. (n.d.). Olaparib (Lynparza): Side effects, dosage, uses, and more. Retrieved from <
https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/drugs/olaparib>
[2] Mirza, M. R., Monk, B. J., Herrstedt, J., Lorusso, D., Ayhan, A., Tan, W. S., ... & Oza, A. M. (2016). Olaparib for germline BRCA-mutated metastatic breast cancer after 3 or more lines of chemotherapy. New England Journal of Medicine, 375(23), 2153-2161.
[3] de Bono, J. S., Mateo, J., Fizazi, K., Corn, E., Chi, K. N., O'Shaughnessy, J., ... & Loi, S. (2020). Olaparib for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. New England Journal of Medicine, 383(12), 1191-1203.