See the DrugPatentWatch profile for methotrexate

Methotrexate is a commonly prescribed medication for various conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and certain types of cancer [1]. However, elderly patients may be more susceptible to its side effects due to age-related physiological changes and the potential for multiple medication use [2]. Here are some common methotrexate side effects in elderly patients:

1. Gastrointestinal effects: Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are common side effects of methotrexate [1]. These symptoms can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, which can be particularly dangerous for elderly patients [2].

2. Hematologic effects: Methotrexate can cause a decrease in white blood cell count, putting patients at risk for infections [1]. Additionally, methotrexate can cause anemia and thrombocytopenia, which can lead to bleeding and bruising [2].

3. Hepatic effects: Methotrexate can cause liver enzyme abnormalities and, in rare cases, liver toxicity [1]. Elderly patients may be at increased risk for liver toxicity due to age-related decreases in liver function [2].

4. Pulmonary effects: Methotrexate can cause interstitial pneumonitis, which can lead to respiratory distress and failure [1]. Elderly patients may be at increased risk for pulmonary toxicity due to age-related decreases in lung function [2].

5. Renal effects: Methotrexate can cause kidney damage, particularly in patients with pre-existing kidney disease [1]. Additionally, methotrexate is excreted by the kidneys, so impaired kidney function can lead to increased drug levels and increased toxicity [2].

6. Neurologic effects: Methotrexate can cause peripheral neuropathy, which can lead to numbness, tingling, and weakness in the extremities [1]. Additionally, methotrexate can cause cognitive impairment, including memory loss and confusion [2].

It is important for healthcare providers to closely monitor elderly patients taking methotrexate for these and other potential side effects [1]. Dose adjustments and frequent laboratory monitoring may be necessary to minimize the risk of toxicity [2].

Sources:
[1] "Methotrexate." MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 11 Jan. 2022, medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a68/016940.html.
[2] "Methotrexate in Older Adults." American Journal of Managed Care, 1 Jan. 2016, www.ajmc.com/view/methotrexate-in-older-adults.
[3] "Methotrexate." DrugPatentWatch, 2022, drugpatentwatch.com/drugs/methotrexate.