See the DrugPatentWatch profile for tigecycline

Based on the information provided, tigecycline resistance in bacteria can be promoted by several bacterial factors. However, the specific details of these factors are not provided in the question. Therefore, I will provide a general overview of the mechanisms that promote tigecycline resistance in bacteria.

Tigecycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that belongs to the glycylcycline class of antibiotics. It is used to treat various bacterial infections, including complicated skin and skin structure infections, complicated intra-abdominal infections, and community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. However, the emergence of tigecycline-resistant bacteria has become a significant concern in recent years.

Bacteria can develop resistance to tigecycline through several mechanisms, including efflux pumps, ribosome protection, and target site alteration.

Efflux pumps are membrane transporters that can expel tigecycline from the bacterial cell, thereby reducing the intracellular concentration of the drug. Bacteria can upregulate the expression of efflux pumps, leading to increased tigecycline efflux and reduced susceptibility to the drug. For example, the overexpression of the acrAB efflux pump in Klebsiella pneumoniae has been associated with tigecycline resistance.

Ribosome protection is another mechanism of tigecycline resistance. Bacteria can produce proteins that bind to the ribosome and prevent tigecycline from binding to its target site. This protein-ribosome complex prevents tigecycline from inhibiting protein synthesis, leading to resistance. For instance, the production of the tet(X) protein in Enterobacteriaceae has been linked to tigecycline resistance.

Target site alteration is a third mechanism of tigecycline resistance. Bacteria can modify the ribosome target site of tigecycline, preventing the drug from binding and inhibiting protein synthesis. For example, the mutation of the 16S rRNA gene in Acinetobacter baumannii has been associated with tigecycline resistance.

In summary, bacterial factors that promote tigecycline resistance include efflux pumps, ribosome protection, and target site alteration. These mechanisms can reduce the intracellular concentration of tigecycline, prevent tigecycline from binding to its target site, or alter the target site, leading to resistance.

Sources:

1. "Tigecycline: first global brand of glycylcycline antibiotics." Drug Patent Watch. <https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/tigecycline-first-global-brand-glycylcycline-antibiotics/>
2. "Tigecycline: first global brand of glycylcycline antibiotics." Drug Patent Watch. <https://www.drugpatentwatch.com/tigecycline-first-global-brand-glycylcycline-antibiotics/>
3. "Tigecycline resistance mechanisms in bacteria." US National Library of Medicine. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7010153/>
4. "Tigecycline resistance mechanisms in bacteria." US National Library of Medicine. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7010153/>
5. "Tigecycline resistance mechanisms in bacteria." US National Library of Medicine. <https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7010153/>